| | Pathway ID | Pathway Name | Chemical Compounds | Proteins | Pathway Description |
|---|
| PW122575 | Lysine Degradation I | Reaction compounds not found | | Lysine is an essential amino acid used in protein synthesis. Lysine can be transported into the cell by probable cadaverine (also known as lysine antiporter). Once inside the cell, lysine is decarboxylated by lysine decarboxylase to cadaverine. Cadaverine can then exit the cell via the same type of transporter as lysine (probable cadaverine). Alternatively, lysine can be produced during lysine biosynthesis (from aspartic acid) inside the cell and used in the same pathway. | | PW122613 | Peptidoglycan Biosynthesis I | Reaction compounds not found | | Peptidoglycan is a net-like polymer which surrounds the cytoplasmic membrane of most bacteria and functions to maintain cell shape and prevent rupture due to the internal turgor. In E. coli K-12, the peptidoglycan consists of glycan strands of alternating subunits of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc) which are cross-linked by short peptides. The pathway for constructing this net involves two cell compartments: cytoplasm and periplasmic space.
The pathway starts with a beta-D-fructofuranose going through a mannose PTS permease, phosphorylating the compound and producing a beta-D-fructofuranose 6 phosphate. This compound can be obtained from the glycolysis and pyruvate dehydrogenase or from an isomerization reaction of Beta-D-glucose 6-phosphate through a glucose-6-phosphate isomerase. The compound Beta-D-fructofuranose 6 phosphate and L-Glutamine react with a glucosamine fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase, thus producing a glucosamine 6-phosphate and a l-glutamic acid. The glucosamine 6-phosphate interacts with phosphoglucosamine mutase in a reversible reaction producing glucosamine-1P. Glucosamine-1p and acetyl-CoA undergo acetylation through a bifunctional protein glmU releasing Coa and a hydrogen ion and producing a N-acetyl-glucosamine 1-phosphate. Glmu, being a bifunctional protein catalyzes the interaction of N-acetyl-glucosamine 1-phosphate, hydrogen ion and UTP into UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and pyrophosphate. UDP-N-acetylglucosamine then interacts with phosphoenolpyruvic acid and a UDP-N acetylglucosamine 1- carboxyvinyltransferase releasing a phosphate and the compound UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate.
The latter undergoes a NADPH dependent reduction producing a UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-muramate catalyzed by a UDP-N-acetylenolpyruvoylglucosamine reductase. UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-muramate and L-alanine react in an ATP-mediated ligation through a UDP-N-acetylmuramate-alanine ligase releasing an ADP, hydrogen ion, phosphate and a UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine. Next, UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanine-D-glutamate ligase catalyzes an ATP, D-glutamic acid and UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine releasing ADP, phosphate and UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate. The latter product then interacts with meso-diaminopimelate in an ATP mediated ligation through a UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanine-D-glutamate-2,6-diaminopimelate ligase resulting in ADP, phosphate, hydrogen ion and UDP-N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-gamma-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate. This compound in turn with D-alanyl-D-alanine react in an ATP-mediated ligation through UDP-N-Acetylmuramoyl-tripeptide-D-alanyl-D-alanine ligase to produce UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-gama-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-Dalanyl-D-alanine and hydrogen ion, ADP, phosphate. UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-gama-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-Dalanyl-D-alanine interacts with di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate through a phospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide-transferase, resulting in UMP and Undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine which in turn reacts with a UDP-N-acetylglucosamine through a N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase to produce a hydrogen, UDP and ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine. This compound ends the cytoplasmic part of the pathway. ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine is transported through a lipi II flippase. Once in the periplasmic space, the compound reacts with a penicillin binding protein 1A prodducing a peptidoglycan dimer, a hydrogen ion, and UDP. The peptidoglycan dimer then reacts with a penicillin binding protein 1B producing a peptidoglycan with D,D, cross-links and a D-alanine.
| | PW123456 | Phospholipid Biosynthesis CL(14:0(3-OH)/17:0cycw7/14:0/14:0) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are membrane components in P. aeruginosa. All phospholipids contain sn-glycerol-3-phosphate esterified with fatty acids at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. The reaction starts from a glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate) produced in glycolysis. The glycerone phosphate is transformed into an sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (glycerol 3 phosphate) by NADPH-driven glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate is transformed to a 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid). This can be achieved by an sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase that interacts either with a long-chain acyl-CoA or with an acyl-[acp]. The 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate is transformed into a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid) through a 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase. This compound is then converted into a CPD-diacylglycerol through a CTP phosphatidate cytididyltransferase. CPD-diacylglycerol can be transformed either into an L-1-phosphatidylserine or an L-1-phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate through a phosphatidylserine synthase or a phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, respectively. The L-1-phosphatidylserine transforms into L-1-phosphatidylethanolamine through a phosphatidylserine decarboxylase. On the other hand, L-1-phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate gets transformed into an L-1-phosphatidyl-glycerol through a phosphatidylglycerophosphatase. These 2 products combine to produce a cardiolipin and an ethanolamine. The L-1 phosphatidyl-glycerol can also interact with cardiolipin synthase resulting in a glycerol and a cardiolipin. | | PW123488 | Phospholipid Biosynthesis CL(18:1(11Z)/17:0/14:0/14:0) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are membrane components in P. aeruginosa. All phospholipids contain sn-glycerol-3-phosphate esterified with fatty acids at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. The reaction starts from a glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate) produced in glycolysis. The glycerone phosphate is transformed into an sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (glycerol 3 phosphate) by NADPH-driven glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate is transformed to a 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid). This can be achieved by an sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase that interacts either with a long-chain acyl-CoA or with an acyl-[acp]. The 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate is transformed into a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid) through a 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase. This compound is then converted into a CPD-diacylglycerol through a CTP phosphatidate cytididyltransferase. CPD-diacylglycerol can be transformed either into an L-1-phosphatidylserine or an L-1-phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate through a phosphatidylserine synthase or a phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, respectively. The L-1-phosphatidylserine transforms into L-1-phosphatidylethanolamine through a phosphatidylserine decarboxylase. On the other hand, L-1-phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate gets transformed into an L-1-phosphatidyl-glycerol through a phosphatidylglycerophosphatase. These 2 products combine to produce a cardiolipin and an ethanolamine. The L-1 phosphatidyl-glycerol can also interact with cardiolipin synthase resulting in a glycerol and a cardiolipin. | | PW123530 | Thiamin Diphosphate Biosynthesis | Reaction compounds not found | | The biosynthesis of thiamin begins with a PRPP being degraded by reacting with a water molecule and an L-glutamine through a amidophosphoribosyl transferase resulting in the release of an L-glutamate, a diphosphate and a 5-phospho-beta-d-ribosylamine(PRA). The latter compound, PRA, is further degrade through a phosphoribosylamine glycine ligase by reacting with a glycine and an ATP. This reaction results in the release of a hydrogen ion, an ADP, a phosphate and a N1-(5-phospho-beta-d-ribosyl)glycinamide(GAR). GAR can be metabolized by two different phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase. GAR reacts with a N10-formyl tetrahydrofolate, in this case 10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate, through a phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase 1 resulting in the release of a hydroge ion, a tetrahydrofolate and a N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-Beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide(FGAR). On the other hand, GAR can react with a formate and an ATP molecule through a phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase 2 resulting in a release of a ADP, a phosphate, a hydrogen ion and a FGAR. The FGAR compound gets degraded by interacting with a water molecule, an L-glutamine and an ATP molecule thorugh a phosphoribosylformylglycinamide synthase resulting in the release of a L-glutamate, a phosphate, an ADP molecule, a hydrogen ion and a 2-(formamido)-N1-(5-phopho-Beta-D-ribosyl)acetamidine (FGAM). This compound is further degraded by reacting with an ATP molecule through a phosphoribosylformylglycinamide cyclo-ligase resulting in the release of a phosphate, an ADP, a hydrogen ion and a 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-d-ribosyl)imidazole (AIR). The AIR molecule is degraded by reacting with a S-adenosyl-L-methionine through a HMP-P synthase resulting in the release of 3 hydrogen ions, a carbon monoxide, a formate molecule, L-methionine, 5'-deoxyadenosine and 4- amino-2-methyl-5-phophomethylpyrimidine (HMP-P). This resulting compound is phosphorylated thorugh a ATP driven phosphohydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase resulting in the release of an ADP and 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine (HMP-PP). The resulting compound interacts with a thiazole tautomer and 2 hydrogen ion through a Thiamine phosphate synthase resulting in the release of a pyrophosphate, a carbon dioxide molecule and Thiamin phosphate. This compound is phosphorylated through an ATP driven thiamin monophosphate kinase resulting in a release of an ADP and a thiamin diphosphate. | | PW123532 | 2-Oxopent-4-enoate Metabolism 2 | Reaction compounds not found | | The pathway starts with trans-cinnamate interacting with a hydrogen ion, an oxygen molecule, and a NADH through a cinnamate dioxygenase resulting in a NAD and a Cis-3-(3-carboxyethyl)-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol which then interact together through a 2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrophenylpropionate dehydrogenase resulting in the release of a hydrogen ion, an NADH molecule and a 2,3 dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate. The second way by which the 2,3 dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate is acquired is through a 3-hydroxy-trans-cinnamate interacting with a hydrogen ion, a NADH and an oxygen molecule through a 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionate 2-hydroxylase resulting in the release of a NAD molecule, a water molecule and a 2,3-dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate. The compound 2,3 dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate then interacts with an oxygen molecule through a 2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropionate 1,2-dioxygenase resulting in a hydrogen ion and a 2-hydroxy-6-oxonona-2,4,7-triene-1,9-dioate. The latter compound then interacts with a water molecule through a 2-hydroxy-6-oxononatrienedioate hydrolase resulting in a release of a hydrogen ion, a fumarate molecule and (2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate. The latter compound reacts spontaneously to isomerize into a 2-oxopent-4-enoate. This compound is then hydrated through a 2-oxopent-4-enoate hydratase resulting in a 4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate. This compound then interacts with a 4-hydroxy-2-ketovalerate aldolase resulting in the release of a pyruvate, and an acetaldehyde. The acetaldehyde then interacts with a coenzyme A and a NAD molecule through a acetaldehyde dehydrogenase resulting in a hydrogen ion, a NADH and an acetyl-coa which can be incorporated into the TCA cycle | | PW123565 | Ethanolamine Metabolism | Reaction compounds not found | | Ethanolamine, in E. coli, is produced through phospholipid biosynthesis. Once in the cytosol it can be used to produce acetaldehyde by reacting with ethanolamine ammonia-lyase resulting in the release of ammonium and acetaldehyde. | | PW123614 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW123709 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(10:0(3-OH)/10:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW126786 | Aspartate Metabolism 1648490207 | Reaction compounds not found | | Aspartate is synthesized from and broken down to oxaloacetate, a TCA cycle intermediate, via a reversible transamination reaction with glutamate. This reaction is catalyzed by the aminotransferase AspC or TyrB. Aspartate is a component of proteins and is involved in many biosyntheses pathways like NAD biosynthesis and beta-alanine metabolism. Aspartate can also be synthesized from fumaric acid through an aspartate ammonia lyase. Aspartate also participates in the synthesis of L-asparagine through two different methods, either through aspartate ammonia ligase or asparagine synthetase B. Aspartate is also a precursor of fumaric acid. Again it has two possible ways of synthesizing it. First set of reactions follows an adenylo succinate synthetase that yields adenylsuccinic acid and then adenylosuccinate lyase in turns leads to fumaric acid. The second way is through argininosuccinate synthase that yields argininosuccinic acid and then argininosuccinate lyase in turns leads to fumaric acid.
| | PW126787 | Aspartate Metabolism 1648490310 | Reaction compounds not found | | Aspartate is synthesized from and broken down to oxaloacetate, a TCA cycle intermediate, via a reversible transamination reaction with glutamate. This reaction is catalyzed by the aminotransferase AspC or TyrB. Aspartate is a component of proteins and is involved in many biosyntheses pathways like NAD biosynthesis and beta-alanine metabolism. Aspartate can also be synthesized from fumaric acid through an aspartate ammonia lyase. Aspartate also participates in the synthesis of L-asparagine through two different methods, either through aspartate ammonia ligase or asparagine synthetase B. Aspartate is also a precursor of fumaric acid. Again it has two possible ways of synthesizing it. First set of reactions follows an adenylo succinate synthetase that yields adenylsuccinic acid and then adenylosuccinate lyase in turns leads to fumaric acid. The second way is through argininosuccinate synthase that yields argininosuccinic acid and then argininosuccinate lyase in turns leads to fumaric acid.
| | PW248225 | Pyocyanine biosynthesis | Reaction compounds not found | | Pyocyanin biosynthesis involves a sequence of enzymatic activities that occur within the bacterial cell. The precursor molecule for pyocyanin production, chorismate, is produced from major metabolic pathways within the bacterial cell, such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis. These precursors are enzymatically transformed to pyocyanin by a sequence of processes facilitated by particular enzymes, including phenazine biosynthesis proteins (PhzE,D, and F). These enzymes promote the condensation, cyclization, and oxidation events essential for the synthesis of pyocyanin, which plays an important role in the virulence and pathogenicity. | | PW248313 | 2-Heptyl-3-hydroxy-quinolone (PQS) biosynthesis | Reaction compounds not found | | 2-Heptyl-3-hydroxy-4-quinolone (PQS) is key to quorum sensing and virulence in bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. This biosynthesis begins with the precursor chorismate, which is derived from the shikimate pathway during the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids e.g., phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan. Chorismate is converted into anthranilate by anthranilate synthase, then into Anthraniloyl-CoA. The subsequent steps involve the action of enzymes 3-oxoacyl-ACP synthase, thioesterase PqsE, and 2-heptyl-4(1H)-quinolone synthase, which facilitate the conversion of Anthraniloyl-CoA to 2-heptyl-4(1H)-quinolone (HHQ), the direct precursor of PQS. Finally, 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-quinolone synthase hydroxylates HHQ to produce PQS thus linking primary metabolism to secondary metanolism, significant to microbial communication and adaptation. | | PW519797 | Quorum sensing: Alkylquinolones Biosynthesis (pqsABCDE Operon Activation) | Reaction compounds not found | | The production of the Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa involves a complex series of steps, beginning with the activation of two primary quorum sensing systems—las and rhl—that respond to bacterial population density through specific signaling molecules, namely N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C12-HSL) for the Las system and N-(butanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) for the Rhl system. The transcriptional regulators LasR and RhlR modulate gene expression, with LasR acting as a transcriptional activator for the pq operon, while RhlR exerts a negative influence on PQS production. The transcription of the pqsA gene, the first in the PQS biosynthetic operon (which also includes pqsB, pqsC, pqsD, and pqsE), is positively influenced by both LasR and PqsR, the latter being essential for the expression of pqsA. The pqsA gene encodes a hydroxybenzoate CoA ligase, which catalyzes the activation of anthranilate by conjugating it with coenzyme A to form Hydroxybenzoate-CoA. As the biosynthetic pathway progresses, enzymes encoded by pqsB, pqsC, pqsD, and pqsE facilitate the conversion of precursor molecules into 2-heptyl-4-quinolone (HHQ), an essential precursor to PQS. The synthesis of PQS is completed as HHQ undergoes further modifications through specific enzymatic reactions. Once produced, PQS functions as an intercellular signaling molecule, enhancing the expression of virulence factors and influencing the regulatory networks interconnected with both the las and rhl quorum sensing systems. This complex interplay ensures that PQS production is finely tuned to reflect the bacterial population density, enabling Pseudomonas aeruginosa to adapt its pathogenic behavior effectively. | | PW519803 | Quorum sensing: N-dodecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C12-HSL) N-3-Oxo-Dodecanoyl-L-Homoserine Lactone Biosynthesis | Reaction compounds not found | | N-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C10-HSL) is a quorum sensing signaling molecule produced by certain Gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas species, that enables the coordination of group behaviors like biofilm formation, virulence factor production, and motility. The biosynthesis of C10-HSL is catalyzed by acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) synthase enzymes, typically homologs of LuxI. The biosynthetic pathway begins with L-homoserine, which serves as the core backbone of the molecule. The C10 fatty acyl group, derived from decanoyl-CoA, is transferred by the AHL synthase enzyme, forming an amide bond with the amino group of L-homoserine. This intermediate is then cyclized to form the lactone ring, resulting in the production of N-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C10-HSL). Additionally, some LuxI homologs can modify the acyl group to include a keto group at the third carbon, resulting in the production of N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C10-HSL), which further modulates the quorum sensing response. Both C10-HSL and 3-oxo-C10-HSL act as quorum sensing molecules, diffusing into the extracellular space where their concentration builds as the bacterial population grows. When the concentration of these molecules reaches a critical threshold, they bind to LuxR-type receptors, forming complexes that activate the transcription of genes involved in quorum sensing-regulated behaviors. This system allows bacteria to synchronize their actions in response to population density, enhancing their ability to form biofilms, regulate virulence, and adapt to changing environmental conditions. | | PW579784 | Quorum sensing: N-butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) Biofilm Regulation | Reaction compounds not found | | N-butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) is a crucial signaling molecule utilized in the quorum-sensing circuitry of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, particularly in the regulation of biofilm formation. This autoinducer is synthesized primarily by Acyl-homoserine-lactone synthase when cell density reaches a threshold, facilitating a coordinated response among the bacterial population. As C4-HSL accumulates in the extracellular environment, it binds to the LasR transcriptional regulator, forming a C4-HSL-LasR complex that then interacts with the promoter regions of genes such as rhlAC. This activation cascade triggers the expression of genes associated with biofilm formation, including those encoding exopolysaccharides and surfactants, essential for establishing and maintaining biofilms. The biofilm matrix, predominantly composed of polysaccharides, provides structural stability and protection to the bacterial community, enhancing resistance to environmental stresses, antimicrobial agents, and host immune responses. Additionally, C4-HSL plays a role in modulating the expression of other quorum-sensing systems, such as the LasI/LasR system, thereby creating an intricate regulatory network that ensures optimal biofilm maturation and maintenance. | | PW598262 | Arginine catabolism: arcD, arcA, arcB, arcC operon | Reaction compounds not found | | The regulation of the arcDABC operon. The operon is activated by anr (Transcriptional activator protein) and indirectly activated by low concentrations of oxygen (anaerobic conditions) and high concentrations of arginine. The operon is inhibited by high concentrations of ammonium (end product of arginine catabolism). There are four products form this operon: arcD (Arginine/ornithine antiporter), arcA (Arginine deiminase), arcB (Ornithine carbamoyltransferase) and arcC (Carbamate kinase). These are all used in the catabolism of arginine into ammonium, ATP and hydrogen carbonate. ArcD is a antiporter used to bring arginine into the cell. ArcA is used to turn arginine into citrulline. ArcB is used to turn citrulline to carbomoyl phosphate. ArcC is used to turn carbomoyl phosphate to ammonium, ATP and hydrogen carbonate. | | PW602080 | Quorum sensing: N-(3-oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone Biofilm Regulation | Reaction compounds not found | | N-(3-oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C6-HSL) plays a pivotal role in regulating biofilm formation through its function as a quorum-sensing signal in bacterial communication. This regulation is mediated by the activation of the LasR receptor protein by 3-oxo-C6-HSL. Once activated, LasR binds to specific promoter regions of target genes and activates the expression of key genes within the alginate biosynthetic operon (alg) and the poly-?-1,6-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (PGA) operon. The alg operon, responsible for the synthesis of alginate, is upregulated as a response to the presence of this quorum-sensing molecule, promoting the production of alginate, which contributes to the extracellular matrix of the biofilm. Concurrently, the PGA operon facilitates the production of poly-?-1,6-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, another crucial component of biofilm architecture. As 3-oxo-C6-HSL accumulates and activates LasR, it triggers a regulatory cascade that enhances the expression of both operons, leading to increased biofilm integrity and stability. This dual regulation not only promotes the aggregation of microbial cells within the biofilm but also enhances their resistance to environmental stresses and antimicrobial agents, underscoring the importance of quorum sensing in microbial community dynamics and biofilm formation. | | PW603467 | Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis: glmU, PA5551, glmR, glmS operon | Reaction compounds not found | | The regulation of the glmURS operon. The operon is inhibited by glmR (GlmR transcriptional regulator) and activated by the presence of fructose-6-phosphate. When fructose-6-phosphate is present in the cell, glmR releases the operon, allowing for transcription. Fructose-6-phosphate is derived from fructose which is transported into the cell. There are four products of the operon: glmU (Bifunctional protein), PA5551 (Peptidase M23 domain-containing protein), glmR and glmS (Glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase [isomerizing]). The function of PA5551 is unknown because it is just a predicted protein. GlmU and glmS are enzymes are involved in the LPS formation (change fructose-6-phosphate to UDP-N-acetylglucosamine). GlmS is used to turn fructose 6-phosphate to glucosamine 6-phosphate. GlmU is used to turn glucosamine 1-phosphate to UDP-N-acetylglucosamine within two steps. | | PW606956 | Quorum sensing: N-3-Oxo-Dodecanoyl-L-Homoserine Lactone Biofilm Regulation | Reaction compounds not found | | N-3-Oxo-Dodecanoyl-L-Homoserine Lactone (3-oxo-C12-HSL) serves as a critical signaling molecule in Pseudomonas aeruginosa's quorum sensing (QS) system. Upon reaching a sufficient concentration, 3-oxo-C12-HSL activates the transcription factor LasR, which then binds to specific promoter regions to initiate the transcription of the psl operon. This operon encodes the enzymes responsible for synthesizing the polysaccharide Psl (polysaccharide intercellular adhesin), which plays an essential role in the formation of biofilms. The Psl polysaccharide facilitates cell adhesion and contributes to the structural integrity of the biofilm, promoting the establishment and maintenance of bacterial communities. Through this intricate signaling cascade, 3-oxo-C12-HSL not only enhances the production of Psl but also underscores the sophisticated mechanisms by which bacteria coordinate their collective behavior in response to changing environments, ultimately leading to more robust biofilm formation. | | PW703795 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(10:0(3-OH)/12:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703796 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(10:0(3-OH)/12:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703797 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(10:0(3-OH)/12:1(3-OH,6Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703798 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(10:0(3-OH)/14:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703799 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(10:0(3-OH)/14:1(3-OH,7Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703800 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(10:0(3-OH)/16:1(3-OH,9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703801 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(10:0(3-OH)/8:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703802 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:0(3-OH)/10:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703803 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:0(3-OH)/12:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703804 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:0(3-OH)/12:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703805 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:0(3-OH)/12:1(3-OH,6Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703806 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:0(3-OH)/14:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703807 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:0(3-OH)/14:1(3-OH,7Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703808 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:0(3-OH)/16:1(3-OH,9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703809 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:0(3-OH)/6:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703810 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:0(3-OH)/8:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703811 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,5Z)/10:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703812 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,5Z)/12:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703813 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,5Z)/12:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703814 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,5Z)/12:1(3-OH,6Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703815 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,5Z)/14:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703816 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,5Z)/14:1(3-OH,7Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703817 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,5Z)/16:1(3-OH,9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703818 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,5Z)/6:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703819 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,5Z)/8:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703820 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,6Z)/10:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703821 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,6Z)/12:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703822 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,6Z)/12:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703823 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,6Z)/12:1(3-OH,6Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703824 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,6Z)/14:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703825 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,6Z)/14:1(3-OH,7Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703826 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,6Z)/16:1(3-OH,9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703827 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,6Z)/6:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703828 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(12:1(3-OH,6Z)/8:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703829 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,5Z)/10:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703830 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,5Z)/12:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703831 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,5Z)/12:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703832 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,5Z)/12:1(3-OH,6Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703833 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,5Z)/14:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703834 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,5Z)/14:1(3-OH,7Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703835 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,5Z)/16:1(3-OH,9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703836 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,5Z)/6:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703837 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,5Z)/8:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703838 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,7Z)/10:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703839 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,7Z)/12:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703840 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,7Z)/12:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703841 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,7Z)/12:1(3-OH,6Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703842 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,7Z)/14:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703843 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,7Z)/14:1(3-OH,7Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703844 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,7Z)/16:1(3-OH,9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703845 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,7Z)/6:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703846 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(14:1(3-OH,7Z)/8:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703847 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(16:1(3-OH,9Z)/10:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703848 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(16:1(3-OH,9Z)/12:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703849 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(16:1(3-OH,9Z)/12:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703850 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(16:1(3-OH,9Z)/12:1(3-OH,6Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703851 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(16:1(3-OH,9Z)/14:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703852 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(16:1(3-OH,9Z)/14:1(3-OH,7Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703853 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(8:0(3-OH)/8:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703854 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(8:0(3-OH)/6:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703855 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(8:0(3-OH)/16:1(3-OH,9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703856 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(8:0(3-OH)/14:1(3-OH,7Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703857 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(8:0(3-OH)/14:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703858 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(8:0(3-OH)/12:1(3-OH,6Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703859 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(8:0(3-OH)/12:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703860 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(8:0(3-OH)/12:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703861 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(8:0(3-OH)/10:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703862 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(6:0(3-OH)/8:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703863 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(6:0(3-OH)/6:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703864 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(6:0(3-OH)/16:1(3-OH,9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703865 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(6:0(3-OH)/14:1(3-OH,7Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703866 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(6:0(3-OH)/14:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703867 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(6:0(3-OH)/12:1(3-OH,6Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703868 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(6:0(3-OH)/12:1(3-OH,5Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703869 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(6:0(3-OH)/12:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703870 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(6:0(3-OH)/10:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703871 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(16:1(3-OH,9Z)/8:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703872 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(16:1(3-OH,9Z)/6:0(3-OH)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW703873 | Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis diRL(16:1(3-OH,9Z)/16:1(3-OH,9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Rhamnolipids (RL) consist of a fatty acyl moiety composed of a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkaloid acid (HAA) and a sugar moiety composed of one or two rhamnose sugars. Rhamnolipids function as surfactants and virulence factors and are involved in biofilm formation and cell motility. The rhamnose sugar component is produced via the dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway which forms dTDP-L-rhamnose from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in five steps. First, glucose 6-phosphate is converted into glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) via the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (AlgC). Second, glucose 1-phosphate is converted into dTDP-D-glucose via the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). Third, dTDP-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose via the enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (RmlB). Fourth, dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is converted into dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase (RmlC). Fifth, dTDP-4-dehydro-L-rhamnose is converted into dTDP-L-rhamnose via the enzyme dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD). The HAA component is synthesized from 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] diverted from fatty acid biosynthesis via the enzyme 3-(3-hydroxydecanoyloxy)decanoate synthase (RhIA). The final step in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is the formation of the glycosidic link between the rhamnose sugar component and the HAA component. This is accomplished by two rhamnosyltransferases (RhlB and RhlC) which catalyze sequential glycosyl transfer reactions to first form mono-rhamnolipids (via RhIB) and then di-rhamnolipids (via RhIC). RHlA, RHlB, and RHlC are associated with the inner membrane. | | PW766007 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:0/14:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766008 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(9Z)/15:0) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766009 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(11Z)/15:0) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766010 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:0/16:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766011 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:0/16:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766012 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:0/15:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766013 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:0/15:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766014 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(9Z)/16:0) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766015 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(11Z)/16:0) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766016 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:0/15:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766017 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:0/15:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766018 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(9Z)/14:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766019 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(9Z)/14:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766020 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(11Z)/14:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766021 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(11Z)/14:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766022 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(9Z)/15:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766023 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(9Z)/15:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766024 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(11Z)/15:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766025 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(11Z)/15:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766026 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(9Z)/16:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766027 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(9Z)/16:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766028 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(11Z)/16:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766029 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(11Z)/16:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766030 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(9Z)/15:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766031 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(9Z)/15:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766032 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(11Z)/15:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766033 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(11Z)/15:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766034 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(9Z)/16:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766035 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(9Z)/16:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766036 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(11Z)/16:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766037 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(11Z)/16:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766038 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:0/16:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766039 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:0/16:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766040 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(9Z)/16:0) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766041 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(11Z)/16:0) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766042 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(9Z)/18:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766043 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(9Z)/18:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766044 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(11Z)/18:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766045 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(11Z)/18:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766046 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(16:1(9Z)/16:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766047 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(16:1(9Z)/16:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766048 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(16:1(11Z)/16:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766049 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(16:1(11Z)/16:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766050 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(16:0/16:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766051 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(16:0/16:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766052 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:0/18:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766053 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:0/18:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766054 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(9Z)/18:0) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766055 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(14:1(11Z)/18:0) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766056 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(9Z)/18:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766057 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(9Z)/18:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766058 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(11Z)/18:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766059 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(11Z)/18:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766060 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:0/18:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766061 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:0/18:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766062 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(9Z)/18:0) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766063 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(15:1(11Z)/18:0) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766064 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(16:1(9Z)/18:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766065 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(16:1(9Z)/18:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766066 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(16:1(11Z)/18:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766067 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(16:1(11Z)/18:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766068 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(16:0/18:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766069 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(16:0/18:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766070 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(16:1(9Z)/18:0) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766071 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(16:1(11Z)/18:0) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766072 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(18:1(9Z)/18:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766073 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(18:1(9Z)/18:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766074 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(18:1(11Z)/18:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766075 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(18:1(11Z)/18:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766076 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(18:0/18:1(9Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. | | PW766077 | Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis PC(18:0/18:1(11Z)) | Reaction compounds not found | | Phospholipids are essential components of bacterial membranes, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin being the most common. In bacteria capable of producing N-methylated PE derivatives, PE biosynthesis begins from glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate), which is reduced to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate is acylated at the sn-1 position by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and at the sn-2 position by 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase to form phosphatidic acid, which is activated by CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase to CDP-diacylglycerol. This intermediate is converted either to phosphatidylserine by phosphatidylserine synthase or to phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate by phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, with phosphatidylserine subsequently decarboxylated to PE. The produced PE then undergoes sequential methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. First, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase converts PE to monomethyl-PE (PE-NMe), releasing S-adenosylhomocysteine and a hydrogen ion. Second, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the formation of dimethyl-PE (PE-NMe2) from PE-NMe, again releasing SAM byproducts. Finally, PE-NMe2 is converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via a third methylation by phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The presence and efficiency of these methylation steps can vary across bacterial species, with some, such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli, capable of producing one or more N-methylated PE derivatives, while others may also utilize choline-dependent pathways to produce PC independently of PE methylation. In all cases, the fatty acid composition of PE, PE-NMe, and PE-NMe2 typically consists of C14–C18 chains, reflecting the common lipid environment in bacteria producing N-methylated PE compounds. |
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